Which of the following is NOT a benefit of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

The choice indicating "Higher employee turnover" is not a benefit of Total Quality Management (TQM) because TQM emphasizes creating a positive work environment, promoting employee engagement, and fostering teamwork, which typically leads to lower employee turnover rates. Implementing TQM practices encourages employee involvement and satisfaction as individuals feel valued and contribute significantly to continuous improvement efforts within the organization.

In contrast, the other options reflect genuine benefits of TQM. Improved customer satisfaction stems from a focus on meeting customer needs and quality improvements in products and services. Increased efficiency results from streamlined processes and reduced waste, while enhanced process optimization is a fundamental aspect of TQM, as it involves constantly refining and improving operational processes to achieve better quality outcomes. Therefore, while TQM aims to improve organizational performance and employee morale, it does not correlate with higher employee turnover.